“Be Prepared”… you would think that those are words of wisdom and common sense. However, I have been mercilessly teased over the years by people, friends and strangers a like, for being prepared in life.

I was taught at an early age to be prepared for anything; from packing for trips, school and work to stocking my car and outdoor activities such as hiking. I always hike with my smaller pack (even if it’s a one mile trip) and I always have the 10 essentials with me. If you are an experienced hiker the rest of this post might be a bore to you. I would not be offended if you stopped reading at this point. If you find yourself asking “What are the 10 Essentials?”, then please feel free to keep on reading.

The 10 Essentials have been revamped and updated from individual items to systems. While it seems like a lot to have to carry with you, these items could help you or save your life should you become lost, injured or stranded. The 10 Essentials are as follows:

1. Navigation
   1. Map
   2. Compass
   3. GPS and Altimeter (Note: While GPS is a great tool, I highly recommend    learning proper map reading skills and compass use. There are some great books out there to learn from and many places, such as REI, offer classes.  I am in the process of refreshing what I know. GPS doesn’t always work and can make the situation worse. Topographical maps, a compass, and the knowledge of how to use them can get you back on course and help you find your way.
2. Sun Protection
   1. Sunscreen
   2. Lip Balm
   3. Sunglasses
3. Insulation
   1. Jacket/Vest
   2. Pants
   3. Gloves
   4. Hat
4. Illumination
   1. Head Lamp/Flashlight
   2. Extra Batteries
5. First Aid
   1. This list really differs depending on the hiker and their comfort level. A basic knowledge of first aid and survival skills is always recommended before venturing out into the back country. However, for the newbie this is a good list of the basics you should carry.
      1. Antiseptic wipes, Antibacterial ointment, Tincture of benzoin, Assorted Adhesive Bandages (Fabric is best), Butterfly Bandages, Gauze Pads, Nonstick sterile pads, Medical adhesive tape (10yd, 1″ width), Blister treatment, Ibuprofen, Antihistamine, Insect sting relief, Tweezers, and Safety pins.
6. Fire
   1. Waterproof Matches/Lighter
   2. Waterproof Container
   3. Fire starter (Tip: you can finally put that lint you clean you out of the dryer to good use instead of buying some at REI… but “shhhh!” you didn’t hear that from me!
7. Repair Kit/Tools
   1. Knife/Multitool
   2. Repair Kits for Stoves, Mattresses, Tents, etc.
   3. Duct Tape (its a magical fix it tool that you shouldn’t leave home without. You can buy small rolls OR if you hike with trekking poles, you can wrap a good amount around one of the poles so that its always there)
8. Nutrition
   1. Extra days worth of food. (If you are day hiking, make sure you have a days worth of food on top of any snacks or food you brought with you for the day)
9. Hydration
   1. Water bottle/Hydration system (water bladders, gravity bags, etc)
   2. Filter/Treatment System (I have a filter and water treatment tablets. Many hikers will argue against the need for treatment pills if you have a good filter, but I have a sensitive stomach so I don’t take any chances when it comes to water. Giardia and other bacteria that can be picked up from unfiltered water is no joke and can make a bad situation even worse)
10. Emergency Shelter
    1. Tent/Tarp
    2. Bivy or Reflective Emergency Blanket

As you can see, each system is then defined by more specific items. I know some people at this point pick and choose what they take based on the hike they are on. For me, I just take everything and hope that I don’t need to use it. Over time and with experience you will eventually test out items that you do and do not like and what works best for you. I am still fine tuning things as I go. The list seems daunting but it really isn’t that bad.

I have some upgrading to eventually do, but for the moment it works for me and I didn’t spend a fortune. My back pack was inexpensive (found it on Amazon) and holds quite a bit (40L). With the exception of my insulation and layers, the rest of my essentials fit into a 5L dry sack with plenty of room to spare. My insulation is kept in a separate dry sack as well. Once that is all in my pack I have plenty of room for other items like my camera and lenses, hiking journal, water bottles and more. Its not too bad if you ask me.

It may seem silly, but you never know when something it that pack will come to your aid!

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